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精細化管理讓紫之隧道充滿活力

時間：2014年10月11日來源：《鐵路建設報》通訊員謝朝(chao)輝(hui) 李(li)利強作(zuo)者：閱讀：字體：大中小

紫之(zhi)隧(sui)道是中(zhong)鐵一局五公司(si)闊別浙江(jiang)10年后中(zhong)標(biao)的項目(mu)(mu)，也是集團公司(si)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)化經(jing)(jing)營(ying)后中(zhong)標(biao)浙江(jiang)的第一個項目(mu)(mu)，干(gan)好紫之(zhi)隧(sui)道意義(yi)重(zhong)大任重(zhong)道遠(yuan)。紫之(zhi)隧(sui)道六個標(biao)段除實(shi)力(li)(li)雄(xiong)厚的上海隧(sui)道股份外(wai)，其(qi)他五家都是中(zhong)國中(zhong)鐵和中(zhong)國鐵建，競(jing)爭實(shi)力(li)(li)空前，因此，項目(mu)(mu)部明確狠抓精細化管理，提(ti)高經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)益和社會效(xiao)益同步的思路，力(li)(li)求(qiu)取(qu)得經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)益為(wei)公司(si)創效(xiao)為(wei)員(yuan)工增收，取(qu)得社會效(xiao)益為(wei)集團公司(si)拓展(zhan)浙江(jiang)市場，為(wei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)化經(jing)(jing)營(ying)打(da)下一片天地。

前期策劃精確定位

項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)中標后，項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)經(jing)理(li)何小(xiao)龍與(yu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)班子成(cheng)員(yuan)把主要精(jing)力(li)集中在項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)策(ce)劃上，組織工(gong)(gong)程技術(shu)人員(yuan)多次徒步穿越施工(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)段，熟悉線路走向，掌(zhang)握地(di)形地(di)貌特征，深入研究圖(tu)紙，讀懂設計意(yi)圖(tu)，核實工(gong)(gong)程數量。組織項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)人員(yuan)進(jin)行合同(tong)交底，共(gong)(gong)同(tong)分析清單(dan)單(dan)價，為施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和工(gong)(gong)法(fa)優選對(dui)比提供依據，在項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)團隊(dui)的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)努力(li)下，編制出了《項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)策(ce)劃書》，成(cheng)為項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)的(de)綱領性文件。

經(jing)過一年多的(de)實踐，項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)以《項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)策劃書(shu)》為藍本安(an)排組織(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營活動，收到(dao)明顯(xian)成(cheng)效(xiao)：項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)安(an)全質量(liang)有序可(ke)控，文明施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)及(ji)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)管理得到(dao)業主、監理認可(ke)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)穩(wen)步推進(jin)，經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益同步增長，社會效(xiao)益顯(xian)現(xian)(xian)，為公(gong)司中(zhong)標富陽項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)發揮了招牌作用(yong)(yong)。特別(bie)是紫之(zhi)二號隧(sui)(sui)道西線(xian)長達300米(mi)的(de)淺埋偏壓按照項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)既定(ding)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案安(an)全度過，得到(dao)業主的(de)高度評價。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)通過與(yu)設計單位對接，請專(zhuan)家學者現(xian)(xian)場(chang)查勘，將3#、4#豎井改為平(ping)導施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，優化了設計方案，降低施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)高風險(xian)、降低了施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本。針對寸土(tu)寸金的(de)臨時用(yong)(yong)地(di)，做(zuo)出棄(qi)渣(zha)場(chang)與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)活區(qu)用(yong)(yong)地(di)的(de)取(qu)舍，保證洞(dong)渣(zha)無需二次倒運，節省了大量(liang)資(zi)金。在(zai)地(di)方竭力阻(zu)擾外地(di)企(qi)業爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)資(zi)質進(jin)入杭州建筑市場(chang)的(de)背景下，沖破(po)(po)重重阻(zu)力，引(yin)進(jin)五公(gong)司爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)資(zi)質，保證隧(sui)(sui)道施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)正常進(jin)行。

四位一體法脈準繩

紫之(zhi)(zhi)隧道(dao)是杭州市政工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，也是全省(sheng)重點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，必(bi)須(xu)嚴格執行市政工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)安全質量管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)規定，頻繁的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)受各級部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢查。紫之(zhi)(zhi)隧道(dao)三標段所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠野山莊是一(yi)塊旅游勝地(di)，周末(mo)和節假(jia)日，外地(di)游客(ke)紛至(zhi)沓來休(xiu)閑(xian)旅游，對(dui)項(xiang)目(mu)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)文明工(gong)(gong)地(di)建設和環境(jing)保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)作及干部職工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠化意識提出更(geng)高(gao)要求。從(cong)淸(qing)谷路到(dao)隧道(dao)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)500米便道(dao)，項(xiang)目(mu)部采取“不(bu)硬化就綠化、全程(cheng)圍擋(dang)”等(deng)措施，使紫之(zhi)(zhi)隧道(dao)施工(gong)(gong)融入終年青翠欲滴的(de)(de)(de)(de)山水之(zhi)(zhi)中。沿著便道(dao)潛行，每隔30米就修(xiu)建1座(zuo)污水檢查井，污水經過(guo)多次沉淀后排放(fang)。便道(dao)一(yi)側安裝(zhuang)500余米水管，接(jie)上(shang)原用在(zai)草坪上(shang)自動噴淋的(de)(de)(de)(de)噴頭，便道(dao)24小(xiao)時(shi)保(bao)持濕(shi)潤(run)無揚(yang)塵。

為了(le)降(jiang)低(di)(di)隧道爆(bao)破(po)(po)形成(cheng)有害氣體(ti)和粉塵，項目部大(da)膽探索“水(shui)(shui)壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)”施工(gong)工(gong)藝，有效的(de)配合了(le)杭州(zhou)市治(zhi)理揚(yang)塵霧(wu)霾(mai)活動。由于水(shui)(shui)在爆(bao)破(po)(po)后(hou)起(qi)到的(de)霧(wu)化降(jiang)塵作用(yong)，現在爆(bao)破(po)(po)后(hou)馬上就能看清(qing)掌子面，節(jie)約了(le)通風(feng)等候(hou)的(de)作業循環(huan)時(shi)間，節(jie)約了(le)炸藥，最重要的(de)是極大(da)地降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)粉塵。隧道作業工(gong)人對水(shui)(shui)壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)技術十分喜愛，自覺應用(yong)，很快在公司被(bei)推廣。

隧道施(shi)工(gong)，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)粉(fen)塵(chen)經常讓(rang)隧道烏煙瘴氣(qi)，為了(le)(le)(le)給隧道作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)人創造(zao)了(le)(le)(le)一個空氣(qi)清新的職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)健康環(huan)境(jing)(jing)，項目部(bu)在成(cheng)功使用(yong)“水(shui)壓爆破”后(hou)，積(ji)極(ji)探(tan)索降低噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)粉(fen)塵(chen)、減少職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)危害的專題攻關(guan)，研制出了(le)(le)(le)隧道除塵(chen)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)車(che)(che)載設(she)備。該設(she)備在噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是開啟，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)車(che)(che)周圍的粉(fen)塵(chen)煙霧(wu)以及懸浮顆粒被除塵(chen)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)車(che)(che)載設(she)備吸收(shou)，車(che)(che)載設(she)備內本來十分清潔明(ming)亮(liang)的水(shui)在噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)完成(cheng)后(hou)顯得渾(hun)濁、變稠。這一直觀效果讓(rang)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)人感受到(dao)項目為改善工(gong)人作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)減少和預(yu)防(fang)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)病(bing)危害付(fu)出的努力。為回報項目，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員不斷摸索總結噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)技術，使回彈率降到(dao)最(zui)低，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)完成(cheng)后(hou)他(ta)們及時檢修噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)設(she)施(shi)、疏通噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管道，保證設(she)備完好。

量化考核嚴字當頭

紫(zi)之隧道項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)實行周報制(zhi)度，即項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)領導班子成員、部(bu)(bu)門(men)負責(ze)人每周日(ri)下午五點前必須匯報本周工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)展情況。還編(bian)制(zhi)績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)核(he)軟件(jian)，量(liang)化考(kao)核(he)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)績(ji)效(xiao)。績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)核(he)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)分(fen)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)紀律、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)和加(jia)分(fen)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。打(da)架斗毆、不按時(shi)上班、越級匯報、不按時(shi)報銷等都是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)紀律范疇，只(zhi)要(yao)違反就(jiu)得扣(kou)分(fen)，項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)沒有(you)參加(jia)安全檢查被(bei)安質(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)(bu)長扣(kou)除5分(fen)。在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)中(zhong)，不同(tong)部(bu)(bu)門(men)有(you)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標準，其他關(guan)聯部(bu)(bu)門(men)和分(fen)管領導都有(you)權(quan)對其扣(kou)分(fen)，比如招待所沒有(you)及(ji)時(shi)打(da)掃，餐廳衛生(sheng)狀況不佳，項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)書記就(jiu)可以(yi)扣(kou)除辦公(gong)室主任的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)數。在(zai)加(jia)分(fen)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，辦公(gong)室主任可以(yi)給本月滿勤人員加(jia)5分(fen)，給參加(jia)義務勞(lao)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)加(jia)10分(fen)；總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)可以(yi)給獲得QC成果(guo)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)部(bu)(bu)長加(jia)10分(fen)，等等。項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)規定，績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)核(he)分(fen)直接(jie)關(guan)系到月末獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)金、季度獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和年終獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，這樣(yang)一個嚴肅、動(dong)態、透明的(de)(de)(de)考(kao)核(he)系統讓(rang)被(bei)考(kao)核(he)的(de)(de)(de)人員趕(gan)到心(xin)服(fu)(fu)口服(fu)(fu)。

成本把控注重細(xi)節

項(xiang)目部每(mei)月召開(kai)成(cheng)本分析例(li)會，領導班(ban)(ban)子和全體管(guan)理人員、班(ban)(ban)組(zu)長(chang)全部參加，全面核(he)算該(gai)月成(cheng)本。大家針對本期(qi)成(cheng)本情(qing)況認真(zhen)分析，找出對策，限期(qi)整改。針對超(chao)(chao)挖量較(jiao)大，噴漿料超(chao)(chao)耗嚴(yan)重(zhong)，采取“節(jie)約噴漿料項(xiang)目部和開(kai)挖班(ban)(ban)工(gong)人各(ge)得一(yi)半，月末(mo)兌現”的措施使隧道開(kai)挖斷面得到(dao)有(you)效控(kong)制。針對用電量居高不下，項(xiang)目部采取“節(jie)約電費各(ge)得一(yi)半”的措施，隧道內通(tong)風(feng)機(ji)開(kai)機(ji)時間明顯縮短(duan)，電費大幅度降低。對裝(zhuang)載機(ji)司機(ji)打破月工(gong)資(zi)，實行單車核(he)算，司機(ji)態度轉變(bian)，裝(zhuang)渣速度也快，司機(ji)的工(gong)資(zi)保持(chi)較(jiao)大增(zeng)長(chang)幅度，工(gong)作積極(ji)性高漲。

項目(mu)部抓住成本(ben)管理的(de)牛鼻(bi)子，以承包(bao)(bao)為(wei)主線，對測量班組(zu)(zu)、爆破班組(zu)(zu)、文明施工(gong)班組(zu)(zu)進行承包(bao)(bao)，班組(zu)(zu)主動核減人員(yuan)，大大降低(di)了(le)(le)人工(gong)費用(yong)。項目(mu)部對二三(san)項料普遍采用(yong)網購，便宜(yi)、簡(jian)單、快捷(jie)、方(fang)便，有(you)效的(de)降低(di)了(le)(le)采購成本(ben)。項目(mu)部對各部門(men)(men)辦公費用(yong)實行承包(bao)(bao)，部門(men)(men)當月(yue)就領取了(le)(le)節約的(de)辦公費用(yong)。

發散思(si)維勇(yong)于創新

在紫之隧道，從領導班子到部門負(fu)責人(ren)統一(yi)配備“E人(ren)一(yi)本”，成為一(yi)道風景，會議室有無線投影儀、無線上網(wang)，先(xian)進(jin)的辦公(gong)設(she)施為員(yuan)工打開思(si)維空(kong)間起(qi)到了積極作用。

紫(zi)之隧(sui)(sui)道項目部(bu)(bu)大(da)力開(kai)展(zhan)科技攻關、大(da)量推廣(guang)先進的(de)工(gong)藝工(gong)法，彰顯了(le)紫(zi)之隧(sui)(sui)道管理團隊不斷(duan)創新的(de)潛(qian)力。在“水(shui)壓爆破、仰拱(gong)自行式棧(zhan)橋、半(ban)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)防水(shui)板鋪設平臺、隧(sui)(sui)道洞(dong)門(men)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)噴淋設施(shi)(shi)、水(shui)溝電纜槽滑模(mo)、變頻式射流通風機、半(ban)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)鋼拱(gong)架(jia)架(jia)設升(sheng)降(jiang)平臺的(de)推廣(guang)使用的(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，積極開(kai)發(fa)隧(sui)(sui)道施(shi)(shi)工(gong)BIM系統(tong)，顛覆傳統(tong)式技術交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底形式，工(gong)程技術人員帶上(shang)項目部(bu)(bu)給配置(zhi)的(de)IPAD在隧(sui)(sui)道將交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底內容轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)三維圖形向(xiang)工(gong)人交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)底，做到直觀、準確(que)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員一目了(le)然。

企業(ye)文化虛功實作(zuo)

在紫之隧道項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)，始(shi)終充滿(man)著朝氣(qi)和(he)(he)活力(li)，洋溢(yi)著積(ji)極(ji)向(xiang)上的(de)(de)勃勃生(sheng)(sheng)機。干部(bu)(bu)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)對項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)定位的(de)(de)認同(tong)，對項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)管理團隊凝聚(ju)力(li)、戰(zhan)斗力(li)的(de)(de)認同(tong)是實現精細化管理的(de)(de)基礎(chu)，是提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)質量、增強工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)責任心(xin)、使命感的(de)(de)活水。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)黨(dang)(dang)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)以生(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)營為中心(xin)，抓班子(zi)、帶隊伍，樹(shu)形象，充分發揮支部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)堡壘作(zuo)用和(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)員先(xian)鋒模范作(zuo)用；并積(ji)極(ji)支持項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)大力(li)開展創建(jian)“新杭州人(ren)文(wen)化家(jia)園”活動(dong)，加強職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)書屋、職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)學校(xiao)、職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)俱樂部(bu)(bu)“三位一(yi)體”建(jian)設，舉(ju)辦生(sheng)(sheng)日聚(ju)會(hui)、節日慰問等活動(dong)，積(ji)極(ji)推進(jin)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)文(wen)化建(jian)設，營造(zao)了(le)團結和(he)(he)諧(xie)的(de)(de)良好(hao)氛(fen)圍，為項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)保(bao)持奮進(jin)優勢增添了(le)內在動(dong)力(li)。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)在2014年業(ye)主一(yi)季(ji)度(du)勞(lao)動(dong)競(jing)賽中勇(yong)奪第一(yi)名獲得50萬元獎(jiang)勵(li)，在二季(ji)度(du)、三季(ji)度(du)勞(lao)動(dong)競(jing)賽以及開展的(de)(de)大戰(zhan)100天(tian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)高(gao)潮考核評比(bi)中，項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)(bu)各項(xiang)指標名列前茅，安全質量管理受(shou)到(dao)集(ji)團公(gong)司獎(jiang)勵(li)10萬元，被(bei)杭州市質監總(zong)站通(tong)報表揚，為企業(ye)贏得榮(rong)譽。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)黨(dang)(dang)支部(bu)(bu)2014年分別被(bei)集(ji)團公(gong)司黨(dang)(dang)委、五公(gong)司黨(dang)(dang)委評為先(xian)進(jin)基層(ceng)黨(dang)(dang)組織。